Br J Nutr. 2012 Aug;108(4):682-91.
Effects of a rapeseed oil-enriched hypoenergetic diet with a high content of ?-linolenic acid on body weight and cardiovascular risk profile in patients with the metabolic syndrome.
Baxheinrich A, Stratmann B, Lee-Barkey YH, Tschoepe D, Wahrburg U.
Source
Department of Nutritional Science, University of Applied Sciences, Muenster,
Germany. baxheinrich@fh-muenster.de
Abstract
In therapy of the metabolic syndrome, the optimal dietary approach with regard
to its macronutrient composition and metabolically favourable food components,
such as the plant-derived n-3 fatty acid ?-linolenic acid (ALA), is still a
matter of debate. We investigated the effects of a hypoenergetic diet with low
energy density (ED) enriched in rapeseed oil, resulting in high MUFA content and
an ALA intake of 3.5 g/d on body weight and cardiovascular risk profile in
eighty-one patients with the metabolic syndrome in comparison with an olive oil
diet rich in MUFA, but with a low ALA content. After a 6-month dietary
intervention, body weight was significantly reduced in the rapeseed oil and
olive oil groups ( -7.8 v. -6.0 kg; P < 0.05). There were significant decreases
in systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and insulin
levels in both groups (P < 0.05). For all of these changes, no inter-group
differences were observed. After the rapeseed oil diet, diastolic blood pressure
declined more than after the olive oil diet (P < 0.05 for time × group
interaction). Furthermore, concentrations of serum TAG were significantly
reduced after the high ALA intake, but not in the low ALA group (P < 0.05 for
time × group interaction). In conclusion, our dietary food pattern with a low ED
and high intakes of MUFA and ALA may be a practical approach for long-term
dietary treatment in patients with the metabolic syndrome, leading to weight
reduction and an improvement in the overall cardiovascular risk profile.
PMID: 22894911 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]