Clin Sci (Lond). 2012 Sep;123(6):361-73.
Moderate-to-high-intensity training and a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet enhance endothelial progenitor cells and fitness in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.
Fernández JM, Rosado-Álvarez D, Da Silva Grigoletto ME, Rangel-Zúñiga OA, Landaeta-Díaz LL, Caballero-Villarraso J, López-Miranda J, Pérez-Jiménez F, Fuentes-Jiménez F.
Source
Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Medicine, IMIBIC/Hospital
Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
Abstract
A reduction in EPC (endothelial progenitor cell) number could explain the
development and progression of atherosclerosis in the MetS (metabolic syndrome).
Although much research in recent years has focused on the Mediterranean dietary
pattern and the MetS, the effect of this diet with/without
moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training on EPCs levels and CrF (cardiorespiratory
fitness) remains unclear. In the present study, the objective was to assess the
effect of a Mediterranean diet hypocaloric model with and without
moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training on EPC number and CrF of MetS
patients. Thus 45 MetS patients (50-66 years) were randomized to a 12-week
intervention with the hypocaloric MeD (Mediterranean diet) or the MeDE (MeD plus
moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training). Training included two weekly
supervised sessions [80% MaxHR (maximum heart rate); leg and arm pedalling] and
one at-home session (65-75% MaxHR; walking controlled by heart rate monitors).
Changes in: (i) EPC number [CD34(+)KDR(+) (kinase insert domain-containing
receptor)], (ii) CrF variables and (iii) MetS components and IRH (ischaemic
reactive hyperaemia) were determined at the end of the study. A total of 40
subjects completed all 12 weeks of the study, with 20 in each group. The MeDE
led to a greater increase in EPC numbers and CrF than did the MeD intervention
(P <= 0.001). In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the
increase in EPCs and fitness in the MeDE group (r=0.72; r(2)=0.52; P <= 0.001).
Body weight loss, insulin sensitivity, TAGs (triacylglycerols) and blood
pressure showed a greater decrease in the MeDE than MeD groups. Furthermore, IRH
was only improved after the MeDE intervention. In conclusion, compliance with
moderate-to-high-intensity endurance training enhances the positive effects of a
model of MeD on the regenerative capacity of endothelium and on the fitness of
MetS patients.
PMID: 22489903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]